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Surah Al-Hadid

The Iron

Chapter 57 of 114

Beautiful Quran Recitation

Surah Al-Hadid

Recited by Salaah Bukhaatir

Overview

About this Surah

The Surah has been titled after the word al-qadr in the very first verse.

At a glance

Surah 57 of 114

Translation
Berber
Recitation
Salaah Bukhaatir

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Commentary

Tafsir

<h2>Name</h2><p>The Surah has been titled after the word <em>al-qadr</em> in the very <a href="/97/1" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">first verse</a>.</p><h2>Period of Revelation</h2><p>Whether Surah Al-Qadr is a Makki or a Madani revelation is disputed. Abu Hayyan in <em>Al-Bahr al-Muhti</em> has made the claim that the majority of scholars regard it as a Madani Surah. Ali bin Ahmad al-Wahidi in his commentary says that this is the first Surah to be sent down in Madinah. Contrary to this, Al Mawardi says that according to the majority of scholars it is a Makki revelation, and Imam Al-Suyuti has expressed the same view in <em>Al-Itqan</em>. Ibn Mardayah has cited Ibn Abbas, lbn Az Zubair and Hadrat Aishah as saying that this Surah was revealed in Makkah. A study of the contents also show that it should have been revealed at Makkah as we shall explain below.</p><h2>Theme and Subject Matter</h2><p>Its theme is to acquaint man with the value, worth and importance of the Quran. Its being placed just after Surah Al-Alaq in the arrangement of the Quran alone explains that the Holy Book, the revelation of which began with the <a href="/96/1-5" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">first five verses of Surah Al-Alaq</a>, was sent down in a destiny making night. It is a glorious Book and its revelation for mankind is full of blessings.</p><p>At the outset, Allah says: "We have sent it down." That is, it is not a composition of Muhammad (upon whom be Allah's peace and blessing) himself, but Allah which "We" refers to, has revealed it.</p><p>Then, it is said that "We sent it down in the Night of Destiny." "Night of Destiny" has two meanings and both are implied here. </p><p>First, that it is the night during which destinies are decided; or that it is not an ordinary night like other nights, but a night in which destinies are made or marred. The revelation of this Book on this night is not merely the revelation of a book but an event which will change the destiny of not only the Quraish, or of Arabia, but of the entire world. The same thing has been said in Surah Ad-Dukhan for which please see introduction to that Surah and <a href="/44:5?font=v2&translations=95" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">footnote 3</a> thereof. The other meaning is that this is a night of unique honor, dignity and glory; so much so that it is better than a thousand months. Thus, the disbelievers of Makkah have been warned, as if to say: "You on account of your ignorance regard this Book, which Muhammad (upon whom be Allah's peace and blessings) has presented, as a calamity for yourselves and complain that a disaster has befallen you, whereas the night in which it was decreed to be sent down was such a blessed night that a task was accomplished in it for the well being of mankind, which had never been accomplished even during a thousand months of history." This also has been said in <a href="/44/3" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">verse 3 of Ad-Dukhan</a> in another way, which we have explained in the introduction to that Surah.</p><p>In conclusion, it has been stated that on this night, the angels and Gabriel descend with every decree (which in <a href="/44/4" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">verse 4 of Ad-Dukhan</a> has been described as amr-hakim: wise decree) by the leave of their Lord, and it is all peace from evening until morning; that is, there is no interference of evil in it, for all decrees of Allah are intended to promote good and not evil. This is to and beyond the extent that even if a decision to destroy a nation is taken, it is taken for the sake of ultimate good, not evil.</p>

Verse by verse

Surah Al-Hadid · The Iron

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

  1. Ayah 1

    بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۖ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ

    Sbuccuâen, s ccekôan Öebbi, ayen akw illan di tmurt akked igenwan. Neppa d Uzmir, d Bab n ûûwab.

  2. Ayah 2

    لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۖ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ ۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ

    IneS tagelda n tmurt akked igenwan; Issidir, Ineqq; u Neppa Izmer i yal cci.

  3. Ayah 3

    هُوَ الْأَوَّلُ وَالْآخِرُ وَالظَّاهِرُ وَالْبَاطِنُ ۖ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ

    D Neppa ay d amezwaru, ay d aneggaru; d ayen d ibanen akked wayen iffren. Neppa Iéôa yal cci.

  4. Ayah 4

    هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ ۚ يَعْلَمُ مَا يَلِجُ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا وَمَا يَنزِلُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَمَا يَعْرُجُ فِيهَا ۖ وَهُوَ مَعَكُمْ أَيْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ ۚ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ

    D Neppa i Ixelqen tamurt akked igenwan di sdis wussan. Sinna, Iâannec af usgeld. Iéôa i ikeççmen ar tmurt, akked wayen id iteff$en segs, ayen id ippadren seg igenni, akked wayen ippalin $uôes. Neppa yidwen, anda ma tellam. Öebbi Ipwali ayen txedmem.

  5. Ayah 5

    لَّهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ وَإِلَى اللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ الْأُمُورُ

    IneS tagelda n tmurt akked igenwan. Ar Öebbi ara u$alen lumuô.

  6. Ayah 6

    يُولِجُ اللَّيْلَ فِي النَّهَارِ وَيُولِجُ النَّهَارَ فِي اللَّيْلِ ۚ وَهُوَ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ

    Issekcam iv deg wass, Issekcam ass deg yiv. Iéôa ayen illan deg idmaren.

  7. Ayah 7

    آمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَأَنفِقُوا مِمَّا جَعَلَكُم مُّسْتَخْلَفِينَ فِيهِ ۖ فَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنكُمْ وَأَنفَقُوا لَهُمْ أَجْرٌ كَبِيرٌ

    Amnet s Öebbi akked Umazan iS! Efket seg wayen i$ef i kwen Irra, degs, d igensas. Wid iumnen segwen, iseddqen, d ameqwôan warraz nnsen.

  8. Ayah 8

    وَمَا لَكُمْ لَا تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ ۙ وَالرَّسُولُ يَدْعُوكُمْ لِتُؤْمِنُوا بِرَبِّكُمْ وَقَدْ أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَكُمْ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ

    Acu ikwen iu$en, ur tuminem ara s Öebbi? Amazan ipnabi kwen a ppamnem s Mass nnwen. Ni$ $uôes nnesba nnwen, ma tellam d lmumnin.

  9. Ayah 9

    هُوَ الَّذِي يُنَزِّلُ عَلَىٰ عَبْدِهِ آيَاتٍ بَيِّنَاتٍ لِّيُخْرِجَكُم مِّنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ ۚ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِكُمْ لَرَءُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ

    D Neppa id Issadren i umdan iS, issekniyen iberrzen, iwakken a kwen Issuffe$ si tillas ar tafat. Ih, Öebbi, fellawen, d Umâin Ipêunun.

  10. Ayah 10

    وَمَا لَكُمْ أَلَّا تُنفِقُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَلِلَّهِ مِيرَاثُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ لَا يَسْتَوِي مِنكُم مَّنْ أَنفَقَ مِن قَبْلِ الْفَتْحِ وَقَاتَلَ ۚ أُولَـٰئِكَ أَعْظَمُ دَرَجَةً مِّنَ الَّذِينَ أَنفَقُوا مِن بَعْدُ وَقَاتَلُوا ۚ وَكُلًّا وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الْحُسْنَىٰ ۚ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ

    Acu ikwen iu$en, ur tepseddiqem deg ubrid n Öebbi? N Öebbi lweôt n tmurt akked igenwan. Ur taâdilem ara: wid iseddqen uqbel l$elb, u nnu$en, widak, ad aâlayen, nezzeh, sennig wid iseddqen sin $er da, u nnu$en. Iwaââed asen akw Öebbi ûûam. Öebbi Iéôa ayen txedmem.

  11. Ayah 11

    مَّن ذَا الَّذِي يُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا فَيُضَاعِفَهُ لَهُ وَلَهُ أَجْرٌ كَرِيمٌ

    Win iôevlen i Öebbi aôeîîal umâin, ad as d Irr s lufa, u ines warraz ukyis.

  12. Ayah 12

    يَوْمَ تَرَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ يَسْعَىٰ نُورُهُم بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَبِأَيْمَانِهِم بُشْرَاكُمُ الْيَوْمَ جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ

    Asmi ara twaliv lmumnin, argaz tameîîut, teddun tafat nnsen zdat sen, u yeffus nnsen: "a lxiô nnwen, assa, di leonanat, ddawat sen isaffen ppazzalen, degsen a pwekkôem! D wagi ay d rrbeê ameqwôaêan".

  13. Ayah 13

    يَوْمَ يَقُولُ الْمُنَافِقُونَ وَالْمُنَافِقَاتُ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا انظُرُونَا نَقْتَبِسْ مِن نُّورِكُمْ قِيلَ ارْجِعُوا وَرَاءَكُمْ فَالْتَمِسُوا نُورًا فَضُرِبَ بَيْنَهُم بِسُورٍ لَّهُ بَابٌ بَاطِنُهُ فِيهِ الرَّحْمَةُ وَظَاهِرُهُ مِن قِبَلِهِ الْعَذَابُ

    Ass ideg ixabiten, argaz tameîîut, ad inin i wid iumnen: "arout a$, a neddem si tafat nnwen"! A d inin: "u$alet ar deffir, a d tqelbem tafat"! Ad yili garasen lêiv, s tebburt. Zdaxel d aêunu, beôôa, zdat es: aâaqeb.

  14. Ayah 14

    يُنَادُونَهُمْ أَلَمْ نَكُن مَّعَكُمْ ۖ قَالُوا بَلَىٰ وَلَـٰكِنَّكُمْ فَتَنتُمْ أَنفُسَكُمْ وَتَرَبَّصْتُمْ وَارْتَبْتُمْ وَغَرَّتْكُمُ الْأَمَانِيُّ حَتَّىٰ جَاءَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ وَغَرَّكُم بِاللَّهِ الْغَرُورُ

    Ad sen d siwlen: "day ur nella ara yidwen"? Ad inin: "ih! Maca, thewwlem iman nnwen, tekkukram, tcukkem, $elvent kwen lemcihwat, armi d iusa lameô n Öebbi. I$elv ikwen af Öebbi, u$ellav".

  15. Ayah 15

    فَالْيَوْمَ لَا يُؤْخَذُ مِنكُمْ فِدْيَةٌ وَلَا مِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا ۚ مَأْوَاكُمُ النَّارُ ۖ هِيَ مَوْلَاكُمْ ۖ وَبِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ

    Assa, ur ipwaîîaf feddu segwen, ne$ seg wid ijehlen. Axxam nnwen d times; d neppat ay d bab nnwen. A tu$alin tucmip!

  16. Ayah 16

    أَلَمْ يَأْنِ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَن تَخْشَعَ قُلُوبُهُمْ لِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَمَا نَزَلَ مِنَ الْحَقِّ وَلَا يَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِن قَبْلُ فَطَالَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَمَدُ فَقَسَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ ۖ وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ

    Âani maççi d lawan, i wid iumnen, ad rgagin wulawen nnsen ar usmekti n Öebbi, akked wayen id Issers n tidep? Ur ppilin am wid iwumi teppunefk Tezmamt, zik, u tvul fellasen lmudda. D$a qquôen wulawen nnsen; aîas degsen d iballa$en.

  17. Ayah 17

    اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُحْيِي الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا ۚ قَدْ بَيَّنَّا لَكُمُ الْآيَاتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ

    Ecfut ar Öebbi Issidir tamurt, deffir tmeppant is. Ni$ Nbeggen awen d issekniyen, amendeô ma a pfehmem?

  18. Ayah 18

    إِنَّ الْمُصَّدِّقِينَ وَالْمُصَّدِّقَاتِ وَأَقْرَضُوا اللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا يُضَاعَفُ لَهُمْ وَلَهُمْ أَجْرٌ كَرِيمٌ

    Ih, wid akked tid ipseddiqen, iôeîlen i Öebbi aôeîîal umâin, ad asen d Irr s lufa, u nnsen arraz ukyis.

  19. Ayah 19

    وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ أُولَـٰئِكَ هُمُ الصِّدِّيقُونَ ۖ وَالشُّهَدَاءُ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ لَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ وَنُورُهُمْ ۖ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَكَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا أُولَـٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ

    Wid iumnen s Öebbi akked imazanen iS, d nitni ay d iêeqqiyen, u d inagan ar Mass nnsen. Ad awin arraz nnsen akked tafat nnsen. Wid ijehlen u skaddben issekniyen nne£, widak d at ujajiê.

  20. Ayah 20

    اعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا لَعِبٌ وَلَهْوٌ وَزِينَةٌ وَتَفَاخُرٌ بَيْنَكُمْ وَتَكَاثُرٌ فِي الْأَمْوَالِ وَالْأَوْلَادِ ۖ كَمَثَلِ غَيْثٍ أَعْجَبَ الْكُفَّارَ نَبَاتُهُ ثُمَّ يَهِيجُ فَتَرَاهُ مُصْفَرًّا ثُمَّ يَكُونُ حُطَامًا ۖ وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ وَمَغْفِرَةٌ مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَانٌ ۚ وَمَا الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا إِلَّا مَتَاعُ الْغُرُورِ

    Cfut ar tameddurt n ddunit d urar kan, d zzhu, d acebbeê, d zzux garawen, asuget n wayla akked derya. Am umedya ugeffur. Im$an is âaoben ijehliyen; sinna, ad isliwen, a ten twaliv ppiwôi$en; d$a ad êevmen. Di laxeôt, aâaqeb uqsiê akked ssmaê s$uô Öebbi, akked llza. Tameddurt n ddunit d zzehwa kan ip$uôôun.

  21. Ayah 21

    سَابِقُوا إِلَىٰ مَغْفِرَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَجَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا كَعَرْضِ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ أُعِدَّتْ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَاءُ ۚ وَاللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ

    £iwlet ar ssmaê n Mass nnwen, akked Loennet iwesâan am tmurt akked igenni, teppuhegga d i wid iumnen s Öebbi akked imazanen iS. D wagi ay d lfevl n Öebbi. Ippak it i win i S ihwan. Öebbi d Bab n lfevl ameqwôaêan.

  22. Ayah 22

    مَا أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ إِلَّا فِي كِتَابٍ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن نَّبْرَأَهَا ۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ

    Ur d tveôôu twa$it di tmurt, ne$ deg iman nnwen, siwa ma tura di Tezmamt, uqbel a p id Nawi. Ayagi, s tidep, d ayen isehlen i Öebbi.

  23. Ayah 23

    لِّكَيْلَا تَأْسَوْا عَلَىٰ مَا فَاتَكُمْ وَلَا تَفْرَحُوا بِمَا آتَاكُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ مُخْتَالٍ فَخُورٍ

    Iwakken ur kwen ip$av wayen tzeglem, ur kwen issefôaê wayen i wen Ifka. Öebbi ur Iêemmel ara yal amzuxi, imnefxi,

  24. Ayah 24

    الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ وَيَأْمُرُونَ النَّاسَ بِالْبُخْلِ ۗ وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْغَنِيُّ الْحَمِيدُ

    wid ipcuêêun, iêeppmen ccêa af medden. Win i iwexxôen…ihi, Öebbi d Asâay, d Amaâzuz.

  25. Ayah 25

    لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَأَنزَلْنَا مَعَهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْمِيزَانَ لِيَقُومَ النَّاسُ بِالْقِسْطِ ۖ وَأَنزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ وَمَنَافِعُ لِلنَّاسِ وَلِيَعْلَمَ اللَّهُ مَن يَنصُرُهُ وَرُسُلَهُ بِالْغَيْبِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ

    Nuzen ed imazanen nne£, s ubeggen. Nessader ed yidsen Tazmamt akked lmizan, iwakken ad ddun imdanen s lêeqq. Nessader ed uzzal, degs vveôô uqsiê, akked uba$uô i medden, iwakken ad Iéeô Öebbi anwa ara ifken afus i Neppa akked imazanen iS, di tbavnit. Ih, Öebbi d Uohid, d Uzmir.

  26. Ayah 26

    وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَجَعَلْنَا فِي ذُرِّيَّتِهِمَا النُّبُوَّةَ وَالْكِتَابَ ۖ فَمِنْهُم مُّهْتَدٍ ۖ وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ

    Ni$ Nuzen ed Nuê akked Ibôahim. Nerra, si tarwa nnsen, Lambiyya, Tira. Degsen llan wid ipwanhan; aîas segsen d iballa$en.

  27. Ayah 27

    ثُمَّ قَفَّيْنَا عَلَىٰ آثَارِهِم بِرُسُلِنَا وَقَفَّيْنَا بِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَآتَيْنَاهُ الْإِنجِيلَ وَجَعَلْنَا فِي قُلُوبِ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ رَأْفَةً وَرَحْمَةً وَرَهْبَانِيَّةً ابْتَدَعُوهَا مَا كَتَبْنَاهَا عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَّا ابْتِغَاءَ رِضْوَانِ اللَّهِ فَمَا رَعَوْهَا حَقَّ رِعَايَتِهَا ۖ فَآتَيْنَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ ۖ وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ

    Sinna, Nessevfeô ed, deffir sen, imazanen nne$. Nessevfeô ed Âisa, mmi s n Meryem, Nefka yas Linoil. Nessekcem deg ulawen n wid iddan yides leênana akked tiéeî. Taxelwit, ur p Nuri fellasen; snulfan p id i llza n Öebbi. Ur qumen ara yis, akken iwata. Nefka arraz nnsen i wid iumnen segsen. Aîas, segsen, d iballa$en.

  28. Ayah 28

    يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَآمِنُوا بِرَسُولِهِ يُؤْتِكُمْ كِفْلَيْنِ مِن رَّحْمَتِهِ وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ نُورًا تَمْشُونَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ۚ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ

    A wid iumnen! Ëezzbet i Öebbi. Amnet s Umazan iS. Ad awen Ifk sin imuren seg uêunu S, ad awen Irr tafat a ppeddum yis, ad awen Isemmeê. Öebbi Ipsemmiê, Ipêunu.

  29. Ayah 29

    لِّئَلَّا يَعْلَمَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ أَلَّا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَىٰ شَيْءٍ مِّن فَضْلِ اللَّهِ ۙ وَأَنَّ الْفَضْلَ بِيَدِ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَن يَشَاءُ ۚ وَاللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ

    Akken ad éôen At Tezmamt, ar ur zmiren acemma di lfevl n Öebbi. Ih, lfevl deg ufus n Öebbi; Ippak it i win i S ihwan. Öebbi d Bab n lfevl ameqwôaêan.

About the Quran

The Quran

The Quran is the holy scripture of Islam. Muslims believe that it is the literal word of Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى), revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) over a period of 23 years. The Quran is composed of 114 Surahs (chapters) and contains 6,236 Ayat (verses). Muslim beliefs and practices are based on the Quran and the Sunnah, the teachings and example of the Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم).

The Kaaba in Mecca
A mosque in South America

Meccan Surahs

The Meccan Surahs are the earliest revelations sent down to the Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم). They were revealed in Mecca, hence their name. These revelations form the foundation of the Islamic faith and contain guidance for Muslims on how to live their lives. The Meccan Surahs are also notable for their poetic beauty and lyrical prose.

Medinan Surahs

The Medinan Surahs are the later Surahs that, according to Islamic tradition, were revealed in Medina after the Prophet Muhammad's (صلى الله عليه وسلم) hijra from Mecca. They were revealed by Allah (سبحانه و تعالى) when the Muslim community was larger and more developed, as opposed to their minority position in Mecca.

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