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Surah Al-Mutaffifin

(The Defrauding)

About this Surah

The surah takes its name, Al-Mu'minun, from the first verse.

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Tafsir (Commentary)

Name

The surah takes its name, Al-Mu'minun, from the first verse.

Period of Revelation.

Both its style and theme indicate that it was revealed during the middle stage of Prophethood at Makkah. Reading between the lines, one feels that a bitter conflict had begun between the, Holy Prophet and the disbelievers of Makkah, though the persecution by them had not yet become tyrannical. It appears that the surah was sent down during the climax of the "Famine" in Makkah (vv. 75-76), which according to authentic traditions occurred during the middle stage of Prophethood. Moreover, according to a tradition related by 'Urwah bin Zubair, Hadarat Umar who had embraced Islam by that time, said, "This Surah was revealed in my presence and I myself observed the state of the Holy Prophet during its revelation. When the revelation ended , the Holy Prophet remarked, 'On this occasion ten such verses have been sent down to me that the one who measures up to them, will most surely go to Paradise'. Then he recited the initial verses of the surah." (Ahmad, Tirmizi, Nasai, Hakim).

Theme Topics

The central theme of the surah is to invite disbelievers to accept Islam and follow the Message of the Holy Prophet.

Summary

The fact that people who have accepted the Message of the Holy Prophet started acquiring such noble qualities of character is practical proof of the truth of the Message. 1-11

In this passage, attention has been drawn to the creation of man and the universe, and to reflect on man's own self, as clear proof of the truth of the Holy Prophet's Message, which invites people to accept Tauhid and life in the Hereafter. 12-22

Furthermore, the stories of the former Prophets and their communities have been cited as historical evidences of the truth of the Message. They prove the following points:

  1. The objections and the doubts that the antagonists are raising against the Message of Muhammad (Allah's peace be upon him) are not new. These were raised against the former Prophets also whom they themselves acknowledged as Messengers of Allah. Therefore they should learn a lesson from their history and judge for themselves whether the Prophets were in the right or their objectors.
  2. The Message of Tauhid and the Hereafter that Muhammad (Allah's peace be upon him) is conveying is the same as was brought by the former Prophets; therefore they should accept it.
  3. They should take a warning from the consequences met by those communities who rejected the Message of their Prophets.
  4. All the Prophets brought one and the same religion from Allah and they all belonged to one and the same community. All other religions were invented by people themselves and none of them is from Allah. 23-54

After relating the stories of the Prophets, a fundamental principle has been enunciated: Success and prosperity in the worldly life is not a criterion of success in the sight of Allah. If some persons (or a person) are enjoying prosperity, wealth, power and the like in this world, it does not mean that they are favored by Allah. Conversely, poverty and adversity of people is not a sign that Allah is displeased with them. The real criterion is Faith (or lack of it). This declaration was needed because the antagonists of the Holy Prophet were the great chiefs of Makkah, who (and their followers) were deluded by their own prosperity that God and their deities were well pleased with them. On the other hand, they argued, the fact that Muhammad (Allah's peace be upon him) and his followers were indigent and in a state of helplessness, was a clear proof that Allah was not pleased with them, and they were under the curse of their deities. 55-67

In this passage different arguments have been used to convince them that Muhammad (Allah's peace be upon him) was a true Prophet of Allah. Then they have been told that the Famine (vv. vv. 75-76) was merely a warning and therefore "it is better for you to mend your ways; otherwise you will be visited by a terrible scourge." 68-77

Again they have been invited to observe the Signs in the universe and in their own selves because these are clear proofs of the truth of the Message of the Holy Prophet. 78-95

The Holy Prophet has been told not to adopt any wrong way in retaliation to counteract the evil ways of the enemies, and to guard against the incitement of Satan. 96-97

In this concluding passage, the enemies of the truth have been warned that they shall have to render an account in the Hereafter and bear the consequences of their persecution of the Believers; therefore they should mend their ways. 98-118

Surah Al-Mutaffifin - The Defrauding
Ayah 1
Woe to those that deal in fraud,-
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَيْلٌ لِّلْمُطَفِّفِينَ
Ayah 2
Those who, when they have to receive by measure from men, exact full measure,
الَّذِينَ إِذَا اكْتَالُوا عَلَى النَّاسِ يَسْتَوْفُونَ
Ayah 3
But when they have to give by measure or weight to men, give less than due.
وَإِذَا كَالُوهُمْ أَو وَّزَنُوهُمْ يُخْسِرُونَ
Ayah 4
Do they not think that they will be called to account?-
أَلَا يَظُنُّ أُولَـٰئِكَ أَنَّهُم مَّبْعُوثُونَ
Ayah 5
On a Mighty Day,
لِيَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
Ayah 6
A Day when (all) mankind will stand before the Lord of the Worlds?
يَوْمَ يَقُومُ النَّاسُ لِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
Ayah 7
Nay! Surely the record of the wicked is (preserved) in Sijjin.
كَلَّا إِنَّ كِتَابَ الْفُجَّارِ لَفِي سِجِّينٍ
Ayah 8
And what will explain to thee what Sijjin is?
وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا سِجِّينٌ
Ayah 9
(There is) a Register (fully) inscribed.
كِتَابٌ مَّرْقُومٌ
Ayah 10
Woe, that Day, to those that deny-
وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِّلْمُكَذِّبِينَ
Ayah 11
Those that deny the Day of Judgment.
الَّذِينَ يُكَذِّبُونَ بِيَوْمِ الدِّينِ
Ayah 12
And none can deny it but the Transgressor beyond bounds the Sinner!
وَمَا يُكَذِّبُ بِهِ إِلَّا كُلُّ مُعْتَدٍ أَثِيمٍ
Ayah 13
When Our Signs are rehearsed to him, he says, "Tales of the ancients!"
إِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِ آيَاتُنَا قَالَ أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ
Ayah 14
By no means! but on their hearts is the stain of the (ill) which they do!
كَلَّا ۖ بَلْ ۜ رَانَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِم مَّا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ
Ayah 15
Verily, from (the Light of) their Lord, that Day, will they be veiled.
كَلَّا إِنَّهُمْ عَن رَّبِّهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَّمَحْجُوبُونَ
Ayah 16
Further, they will enter the Fire of Hell.
ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ لَصَالُو الْجَحِيمِ
Ayah 17
Further, it will be said to them: "This is the (reality) which ye rejected as false!
ثُمَّ يُقَالُ هَـٰذَا الَّذِي كُنتُم بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ
Ayah 18
Nay, verily the record of the Righteous is (preserved) in 'Illiyin.
كَلَّا إِنَّ كِتَابَ الْأَبْرَارِ لَفِي عِلِّيِّينَ
Ayah 19
And what will explain to thee what 'Illiyun is?
وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا عِلِّيُّونَ
Ayah 20
(There is) a Register (fully) inscribed,
كِتَابٌ مَّرْقُومٌ
Ayah 21
To which bear witness those Nearest (to Allah).
يَشْهَدُهُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ
Ayah 22
Truly the Righteous will be in Bliss:
إِنَّ الْأَبْرَارَ لَفِي نَعِيمٍ
Ayah 23
On Thrones (of Dignity) will they command a sight (of all things):
عَلَى الْأَرَائِكِ يَنظُرُونَ
Ayah 24
Thou wilt recognise in their faces the beaming brightness of Bliss.
تَعْرِفُ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ نَضْرَةَ النَّعِيمِ
Ayah 25
Their thirst will be slaked with Pure Wine sealed:
يُسْقَوْنَ مِن رَّحِيقٍ مَّخْتُومٍ
Ayah 26
The seal thereof will be Musk: And for this let those aspire, who have aspirations:
خِتَامُهُ مِسْكٌ ۚ وَفِي ذَٰلِكَ فَلْيَتَنَافَسِ الْمُتَنَافِسُونَ
Ayah 27
With it will be (given) a mixture of Tasnim:
وَمِزَاجُهُ مِن تَسْنِيمٍ
Ayah 28
A spring, from (the waters) whereof drink those Nearest to Allah.
عَيْنًا يَشْرَبُ بِهَا الْمُقَرَّبُونَ
Ayah 29
Those in sin used to laugh at those who believed,
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ أَجْرَمُوا كَانُوا مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا يَضْحَكُونَ
Ayah 30
And whenever they passed by them, used to wink at each other (in mockery);
وَإِذَا مَرُّوا بِهِمْ يَتَغَامَزُونَ
Ayah 31
And when they returned to their own people, they would return jesting;
وَإِذَا انقَلَبُوا إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهِمُ انقَلَبُوا فَكِهِينَ
Ayah 32
And whenever they saw them, they would say, "Behold! These are the people truly astray!"
وَإِذَا رَأَوْهُمْ قَالُوا إِنَّ هَـٰؤُلَاءِ لَضَالُّونَ
Ayah 33
But they had not been sent as keepers over them!
وَمَا أُرْسِلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ حَافِظِينَ
Ayah 34
But on this Day the Believers will laugh at the Unbelievers:
فَالْيَوْمَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ يَضْحَكُونَ
Ayah 35
On Thrones (of Dignity) they will command (a sight) (of all things).
عَلَى الْأَرَائِكِ يَنظُرُونَ
Ayah 36
Will not the Unbelievers have been paid back for what they did?
هَلْ ثُوِّبَ الْكُفَّارُ مَا كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ

Quran

is the holy scripture of Islam. Muslims believe that it is the literal word of Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى‎), revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) over a period of 23 years. The Quran is composed of 114 Suras (chapters) and contains 6,236 Ayat (verses). Muslim beliefs and practices are based on the Quran and the Sunnah (the teachings and example of Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم)).

Meccan Surahs

The Meccan Surahs are the earliest revelations that were sent down to the Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم). They were revealed in Mecca, hence their name. These revelations form the foundation of the Islamic faith and contain guidance for Muslims on how to live their lives. The Meccan Surahs are also notable for their poetic beauty and lyrical prose.

Medinan Surahs

The Medinan Surahs of the noble Quran are the latest 24 Surahs that, according to Islamic tradition, were revealed at Medina after Prophet Muhammad's (صلى الله عليه وسلم) hijra from Mecca. These Surahs were revealed by Allah (سبحانه و تعالى) when the Muslim community was larger and more developed, as opposed to their minority position in Mecca.

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